kitchen test
Now it’s time to introduce to the test meta-action which helps you automate all the previous actions so far into one command. Checking kitchen list, the “Last Action” of our instance should be “Verified”. With this in mind, let’s run kitchen test:
$ kitchen test
-----> Starting Test Kitchen (v2.5.2)
-----> Cleaning up any prior instances of <default-ubuntu-2004>
-----> Destroying <default-ubuntu-2004>...
==> default: Forcing shutdown of VM...
==> default: Destroying VM and associated drives...
Vagrant instance <default-ubuntu-2004> destroyed.
Finished destroying <default-ubuntu-2004> (0m8.27s).
-----> Testing <default-ubuntu-2004>
-----> Creating <default-ubuntu-2004>...
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Importing base box 'bento/ubuntu-20.04'...
==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> default: Checking if box 'bento/ubuntu-20.04' version '202005.21.0' is up to date...
==> default: Setting the name of the VM: kitchen-git_cookbook-default-ubuntu-2004-c269d77f-86f8-4bf9-aafe-884177e193fe
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
default: Adapter 1: nat
==> default: Forwarding ports...
default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
default: SSH username: vagrant
default: SSH auth method: private key
default:
default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
default:
default: Inserting generated public key within guest...
default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...
default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
==> default: Setting hostname...
==> default: Mounting shared folders...
default: /tmp/omnibus/cache => /Users/tsmith/.kitchen/cache
==> default: Machine not provisioned because `--no-provision` is specified.
[SSH] Established
Vagrant instance <default-ubuntu-2004> created.
Finished creating <default-ubuntu-2004> (0m35.86s).
-----> Converging <default-ubuntu-2004>...
Preparing files for transfer
Installing cookbooks for Policyfile /Users/tsmith/git_cookbook/Policyfile.rb using `chef install`
Installing cookbooks from lock
Installing git_cookbook 0.1.0
Preparing dna.json
Exporting cookbook dependencies from Policyfile /var/folders/99/1b6ms59j59sbl9t85sm75y8h0000gp/T/default-ubuntu-2004-sandbox-20200610-80493-1jydajx...
Exported policy 'git_cookbook' to /var/folders/99/1b6ms59j59sbl9t85sm75y8h0000gp/T/default-ubuntu-2004-sandbox-20200610-80493-1jydajx
To converge this system with the exported policy, run:
cd /var/folders/99/1b6ms59j59sbl9t85sm75y8h0000gp/T/default-ubuntu-2004-sandbox-20200610-80493-1jydajx
chef-client -z
Removing non-cookbook files before transfer
Preparing validation.pem
Preparing client.rb
-----> Installing Chef install only if missing package
Downloading https://omnitruck.chef.io/install.sh to file /tmp/install.sh
Trying wget...
Download complete.
ubuntu 20.04 x86_64
Getting information for chef stable for ubuntu...
downloading https://omnitruck.chef.io/stable/chef/metadata?v=&p=ubuntu&pv=20.04&m=x86_64
to file /tmp/install.sh.1399/metadata.txt
trying wget...
sha1 1466b9dbfcce80987e145d58e12c076216f9a5b5
sha256 f1f1cc5787bb56d5d3cb37339bb458f8d715e0be9a58abaad7e52ade90a2bfec
url https://packages.chef.io/files/stable/chef/16.1.16/ubuntu/20.04/chef_16.1.16-1_amd64.deb
version 16.1.16
downloaded metadata file looks valid...
/tmp/omnibus/cache/chef_16.1.16-1_amd64.deb exists
Comparing checksum with sha256sum...
WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING
You are installing a package without a version pin. If you are installing
on production servers via an automated process this is DANGEROUS and you will
be upgraded without warning on new releases, even to new major releases.
Letting the version float is only appropriate in desktop, test, development or
CI/CD environments.
WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING
Installing chef
installing with dpkg...
Selecting previously unselected package chef.
(Reading database ... 44414 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../cache/chef_16.1.16-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking chef (16.1.16-1) ...
Setting up chef (16.1.16-1) ...
Thank you for installing Chef Infra Client! For help getting started visit https://learn.chef.io
Transferring files to <default-ubuntu-2004>
+---------------------------------------------+
✔ 2 product licenses accepted.
+---------------------------------------------+
Starting Chef Infra Client, version 16.1.16
Creating a new client identity for default-ubuntu-2004 using the validator key.
Using policy 'git_cookbook' at revision 'f9aaaeaa7a929e3370d5224a3c7f07c605721933b9a893d383d0dc478aa48ce8'
resolving cookbooks for run list: ["git_cookbook::default@0.1.0 (4def6b4)"]
Synchronizing Cookbooks:
- git_cookbook (0.1.0)
Installing Cookbook Gems:
Compiling Cookbooks...
Converging 1 resources
Recipe: git_cookbook::default
* apt_package[git] action install (up to date)
Running handlers:
Running handlers complete
Chef Infra Client finished, 0/1 resources updated in 01 seconds
Downloading files from <default-ubuntu-2004>
Finished converging <default-ubuntu-2004> (0m10.98s).
-----> Setting up <default-ubuntu-2004>...
Finished setting up <default-ubuntu-2004> (0m0.00s).
-----> Verifying <default-ubuntu-2004>...
Loaded tests from {:path=>".Users.tsmith.git_cookbook.test.integration.default"}
Profile: tests from {:path=>"/Users/tsmith/git_cookbook/test/integration/default"} (tests from {:path=>".Users.tsmith.git_cookbook.test.integration.default"})
Version: (not specified)
Target: ssh://vagrant@127.0.0.1:2222
System Package git
✔ is expected to be installed
Test Summary: 1 successful, 0 failures, 0 skipped
Finished verifying <default-ubuntu-2004> (0m0.65s).
-----> Destroying <default-ubuntu-2004>...
==> default: Forcing shutdown of VM...
==> default: Destroying VM and associated drives...
Vagrant instance <default-ubuntu-2004> destroyed.
Finished destroying <default-ubuntu-2004> (0m7.03s).
Finished testing <default-ubuntu-2004> (1m2.79s).
-----> Test Kitchen is finished. (1m4.19s)
There’s only one remaining action left that needs a mention: the Destroy Action which as one might expect, destroys the instance. With this in mind, here’s what Test Kitchen is doing in the Test Action:
- Destroys the instance if it exists
- Creates the instance
- Converges the instance
- Verifies the instance with InSpec
- Destroys the instance
A few details with regards to test:
- Test Kitchen will abort the run on the instance at the first sign of trouble. This means that if your Chef Infra Client run fails then Chef InSpec won’t be run and the instance won’t be destroyed. This gives you a chance to inspect the state of the instance and fix any issues.
- The behavior of the final destroy action can be overridden if desired. Check out the CLI help for the
--destroyflag usingkitchen help test. - The primary use case in mind for this meta-action is in a Continuous Integration environment or a command for developers to run before check in or after a fresh clone. If you’re using this in your test-code-verify development cycle it’s going to quickly become very slow and frustrating. You’re better off running the converge and verify sub-commands in development and save the test sub-command when you need to verify the end-to-end run of your code.
Finally, let’s check the status of the instance:
$ kitchen list
Instance Driver Provisioner Verifier Transport Last Action Last Error
default-ubuntu-2004 Vagrant ChefZero Inspec Ssh <Not Created> <None>
Back to square one.